Science article

The basis of the story was how a prehistoric bird flew with four wings. They did several tests on its flight, with a model of a microraptor. The study of the bird was performed by team members from the University of Kansas and Northeastern University in China. They made a model from the skeleton cavity of its original bones, and then made feathers from specimens from the Chinese Museums. After completion they noticed it had a better flight patterns from an upright stance position.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100125173238.htm

1. It is hypothesized that animals develop flight as ground dwellers.
2. Scientists are from University of Kansas and Northeastern University of China.
3. The funding source is not mentioned.
4. The hypothesis was tested by making a model of a microraptor created by a skeleton composed of casts of the original bones of the microraptor.
5. There was only one model used for the experiment.
6. Data was collected from one skeleton cast.
7. There were no participates only researchers.
8. The analysts were not blind to the study.
9. The reporters included controversial theories by other researchers of the same group.
10. There were not any independent researchers.
11. The limitations were that there weren’t any other models to go off of.

Practice Questions Ch. 2

Practice Questions Chapter 2

1. Endergonic absorbs chemical reactions, Exergonic gives off energy.

2. Protons-11, Electrons-10, and Valence electrons-9

3. Ionic bonds- forms when electrons are transferred between charged atoms.

Covalent bond- atoms that share electrons.

Hydrogen bond- a weak chemical bond, partially hydrogen atom that’s attracted to a partially negative atom.

Strongest- Ionic bond Weakest- Hydrogen bond

4. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates-disaccharides 2 rings joined together, polysaccharides-sugar monomers

Proteins-enzymes, amino acids

Lipids-phospholipids

Nucleic acids-nucleotides

5. Carbon

6. Hydrogen bonds

7. It creates barriers and stores energy.

8. Double bonds between carbon atoms.

9. Silicon is much like an element like carbon, but it would fall apart in contact with water though. It would work better with a silicon-oxygen backbone to the molecule. Oxidizers burn food to produce carbon dioxide and reducers uses carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.

10. Different sugars in the backbone, RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, RNA single strand band, DNA double strand band.

11. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Urcacil

12. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

A G C

n__c___n c____n c

13. The reactive group characteristic causes the areas of protein to come together or goes against one another.

14. Primary structure- linear amino acid sequence.

Secondary structure- folding into helices and beta sheets

Tertiary structure- the overall way the protein folds

Quaternary structure-how multiple subunits of a protein come together

15. They communicate to one another causing conformational changes and transmits a signal cascade.

16. It wouldn’t allow it to bind together.

17. It places stress on the bond and it would break.

18. The enzymatic action is highly specific because only specific substrates of enzyme bind to the activation center of that enzyme.

19. A protease is an enzyme that conducts proteolysis, which begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds then links the amino acids together in the polypeptide chain to form a protein.

About myself

My name is Garrick Fulton, I’ve been attending Oxnard College since Fall 2008. I’m planning on getting an Associates Degree in Culinary Arts and Restaurant Management. I’m married and have five children. I enjoy cooking as this has been my profession for the past 17 years. It all began when I joined the United States Navy in 1993, and served 10 years as a cook. I’m currently working with the Probation Agency of Ventura County as a kitchen assistant, and I’ve been there a little over a year. Because of my knowledge in both cooking and baking, I have yet to decide in which direction I’d like to go.